Which zoning pattern supports energy-efficient urban form by reducing travel distances?

• A. Isolated, low-density development.
• B. Uniform building heights across a city.
• C. Compact, mixed-use zoning that lowers energy use through shorter trips and efficient buildings.
• D. Separation of residential and commercial uses reduces energy efficiency.

Answer: (C)

Focusing on how zoning shapes daily travel reveals how energy use in cities can be minimized. Compact, mixed-use zoning groups homes, workplaces, shops, and services in walkable, interconnected neighborhoods, which makes walking, biking, and transit practical and reduces the distance people need to travel by car. Shorter trips and the opportunity to share transportation options translate into lower vehicle energy consumption and often more efficient building and infrastructure systems within the area.

Isolated, low-density development tends to spread destinations far apart, boosting car dependence and total energy use. Uniform building heights don’t by themselves change how far people travel or the energy intensity of trips. Separating residential from commercial uses usually forces longer trips to access work and services, reducing energy efficiency.