Which of the following is NOT a typical consideration when integrating informal settlements into formal urban systems?

• A. Providing tenure security and basic services.
• B. Upgrading infrastructure to connect informal settlements.
• C. Guaranteeing immediate displacement of residents.
• D. Engaging residents in planning decisions.

Answer: (C)

Integrating informal settlements into formal urban systems focuses on upgrading conditions in place: giving residents secure tenure, reliable basic services, and infrastructure that connects them to the broader city, all while involving residents in planning decisions. Guaranteeing immediate displacement is not a typical aim because relocation disrupts communities, erodes social networks, and undermines the goal of inclusive, urban-wide integration. In practice, planners emphasize in-situ upgrading and formalization, so residents can stay in their neighborhoods as services improve. Providing tenure security and basic services ensures stability and health; upgrading infrastructure links these areas to jobs and amenities; and engaging residents in planning decisions builds legitimacy and ensures solutions meet actual needs.